Syllabus
Policy Choice as Value Conflict
PPS 116D, Fall 2006
Tuesdays and Thursdays, 1:15-2:30pm
Lecture Hall 03 Sanford Institute Building
Duke University
Jeff Holzgrefe
jeff.holzgrefe@duke.edu
Office Hours: Wednesdays, 10:00am-12:00 noon
Room 148 Sanford Institute, Campus Box 90245
(919) 430-8880
Oliver Scott, T.A.
oliver.scott@duke.edu,
(202) 271-4845
Discussion Sections: 1:30-2:20pm (Rubenstein 151)
3:05-3:55pm (Sanford 150)
4:40-5:30pm (Sanford 224)
The course examines the nature and validity of arguments about moral
issues in public policy. Specifically, it requires students to learn
basic ethical traditions and theories and apply them to concrete
policy conflicts. Where discrepancies between current practice and
just conduct are identified, students are encouraged to reflect
on policies that may narrow or eliminate them. The course also invites
students to reflect critically on their personal moral and political
commitments.
The course’s subject matter falls under
two main headings: human rights and armed conflict. It begins by
analyses the nature of individual (civil, political, economic and
social) rights and group (cultural, autonomy) rights, philosophical
and political challenges to their alleged universality, putative
conflicts between these rights, and actual and potential ways of
securing their enforcement. The course then examines the norms governing
such enforcement (or lack thereof) – the laws of armed conflict
in international society; in particular the norms governing jus
ad bellum (aggression, self-defense, preventive war, reprisals,
humanitarian intervention), and jus in bello (non-combatant
immunity, economic sanctions, terrorism, and counter-terrorism).
Required Texts:
· Steve Wilkens, Beyond Bumper
Sticker Ethics: An Introduction to Theories of Right & Wrong,
Intervarsity Press, 1995.
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory &
Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University Press, 2003.
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument
with Historical Illustrations, 3rd. ed., Basic Books, 2000.
These books are available for purchase at
The Regulator Bookshop, 720 Ninth St., Durham, NC 27705. Tel: (919)
286-2700. Email: mail@regbook.com.
The required texts are also on 3 hour reserve (R)
in Perkins-Bostock Library. Most other readings are available via
Blackboard (Bb) or on electronic Reserve in Perkins
Library (ER). Additional material may
be added during the semester.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
1. Learning objectives
Students completing the course for credit
will:
· master basic texts and arguments
in the field of ethics and public policy;
· learn to analyse and make sophisticated ethical arguments;
· acquire a broad understanding of major issues in contemporary
international relations;
· gain experience writing and speaking clearly about moral
issues;
· improve their understanding of, and justifications for,
their personal normative commitments.
2. Assessment
· One 2,000 Word Paper (30%).
Due Friday October 6 at 5.00 PM submitted
via Blackboard. A late submission of the mid-term will trigger a
penalty of one-third of a grade for every day or fraction thereof,
including weekends, unless the student has a medical excuse certified
by the infirmary or some equally serious, and equally authoritatively
documented, excuse.
· One 3,000 Word Paper (50%).
Due Monday December 11 at 5.00 PM submitted via Blackboard.
No late papers will be accepted unless the student has a medical
excuse certified by the infirmary or some equally serious, and equally
authoritatively documented, excuse.
· Participation (20%). This
course will mix lecture, Socratic questioning, and discussion, often
all within the same class. Students should come to class prepared
to answer questions about the readings and to engage actively in
discussion. Attendance will be taken for each class and section.
You may miss 4 classes or sections without penalty. Each subsequent
absence will result in a 20% reduction of the final participation
grade. Discussion sections begin the first week of the term, and
meet every week with the following exceptions: the week of Fall
Break, the week of Thanksgiving, and the final week of class. The
teaching assistant will meet with the discussion section(s) each
week, but student(s) will be responsible for facilitating the discussion.
The discussion leader(s) will post questions to guide the discussion
at least 24 hours before the section meeting. Students should come
to the weekly sections prepared to engage in discussion of the issues
covered in the week’s classes and readings. Participation
in your discussion section will count for 30% of your participation
grade. To encourage the free expression of information and opinions,
all classes will be conducted according to the Chatham House Rule
i.e. “participants are free to use the information
received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation of the speaker(s),
nor that of any other participant, may be revealed”.
Grading Policy. Students are encouraged to discuss
their assignments among themselves, but all written work must be
each student’s own. The instructor assigns all grades. The
teaching assistant will provide initial comments on papers and contribute
to determining participation grades. PPS 116D employs the full range
of grades, from A to F. A final grade for the course may be changed
only because of an error in calculation or transcription.
Grading Standards for Written
Work
Grading Standards for Class Participation
Academic Integrity.
The Duke Community Standard (http://www.integrity.duke.edu/ugrad/student.html)
applies to all student work submitted for assessment. Any suspected
violations will be promptly reported. Academic dishonesty will result
in an automatic failing grade for the course. It is the instructor’s
understanding and expectation that the student's submission of any
test or assignment means that the student neither gave nor received
unauthorized aid.
Documentation.
Written work will at all times conform to
the documentation conventions described in chapter 15 (ER)
or in chapter 16 (ER) of The Chicago Manual
of Style, 14th ed., University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1993.
Work that does not so conform will be returned ungraded for correction
and resubmission.
WEEK 1
Tuesday, August 29
INTRODUCTION
Thursday, August 31
SHOULD DUKE TEACH ETHICS?
Required Reading:
· Stanley Fish, “Save the World
on Your Own Time”, The Chronicle of Higher Education,
January 23, 2003. (Bb)
· Stanley Fish, “Aim Low”, The Chronicle
of Higher Education, 2003, Vol. 49, Issue 36, Page C5. (Bb)
· Elizabeth Kiss and J. Peter Euben, “Aim High: A Response
to Stanley Fish”, in Elizabeth Kiss and J. Peter Euben, eds.,
Debating Moral Education, Duke University Press, forthcoming.
(Bb)
· Stanley Fish, “I Know When I See It: A Reply to Kiss
and Euben”, in Elizabeth Kiss and J. Peter Euben, eds., Debating
Moral Education, Duke University Press, forthcoming. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Stanley Fish, “Why We Built the Ivory
Tower”, The New York Times, May 24, 2004. (Bb)
WEEK 2
Tuesday, September 5
TYPES OF MORAL REASONING
Required Reading:
· Frances V. Harbour, Thinking
about International Ethics, Westview Press, 1999, pp. 67-112,
119-145. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Mark R. Amstutz, International Ethics:
Concepts, Theories and Cases in Global Politics, Rowan &
Littlefield, 1999, pp. 27-46. (ER)
Steve Wilkens, Beyond Bumper Sticker Ethics: An Introduction
to Theories of Right & Wrong, Intervarsity Press, 1995,
pp. 83-98. (R)
Piers Benn, Ethics, McGill-Queens University Press, 1998,
pp. 59-89. (ER)
Nancy (Ann) Davis, “Contemporary Deontology”, in Peter
Singer, ed., A Companion to Ethics, Blackwell, 1991, pp.
205-218. (ER)
Thursday, September 7
DIVINE COMMAND MORALITY
Required Reading:
· Steve Wilkens, Beyond Bumper
Sticker Ethics: An Introduction to Theories of Right & Wrong,
Intervarsity Press, 1995, pp. 169-186. (R)
· Sohail H. Hashmi, “Islamic Ethics in International
Society”, in David R. Mapel, and Terry Nardin, International
Society: Diverse Ethical Perspectives, Princeton University
Press, 1998, pp. 215-236. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Piers Benn, Ethics, McGill-Queens
University Press, 1998, pp. 45-49. (ER)
Jonathan Berg, “How Could Ethics Depend on Religion?”
in Peter Singer, ed., A Companion to Ethics, Blackwell,
1991, pp. 525-533. (ER)
Ann Elizabeth Mayer, “War and Peace in the Islamic Tradition
and International Law”, in John Kelsay and James Turner Johnson,
eds., Just War and Jihad: Historical and Theoretical Perspectives
on War and Peace in Western and Islamic Traditions, Greenwood,
1991, pp. 195-226. (ER)
Heiner Bielefeldt, “Muslim Voices in the Human Rights Debate”,
Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 17, (1995), pp. 587-617. (Bb)
M. M. Slaughter, “The Salman Rushdie Affair: Apostasy, Honor,
and Freedom of Speech”, Virginia Law Review, Vol.
79, No. 1, (Feb. 1993), pp. 153-204. (Bb)
WEEK 3
Tuesday, September 12
NATURAL LAW
Required Reading:
· Steve Wilkens, Beyond Bumper
Sticker Ethics: An Introduction to Theories of Right & Wrong,
Intervarsity Press, 1995, pp. 149-167. (R)
· Joseph Boyle, “Natural Law and International Ethics”,
in David R. Mapel and Terry Nardin, eds., Traditions of International
Ethics, Cambridge, 1992, pp. 112-135. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Robert P. George, “Natural Law and
International Order”, in David R. Mapel, and Terry Nardin,
International Society: Diverse Ethical Perspectives, Princeton
University Press, 1998, pp. 54-69. (ER)
Thomas Nagel, “War and Massacre”, Philosophy &
Public Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2, (Winter, 1972), pp. 123-144.
(Bb)
Thursday, September 14
COMMUNITARIANISM
Required Reading:
· Steve Wilkens, Beyond Bumper
Sticker Ethics: An Introduction to Theories of Right & Wrong,
Intervarsity Press, 1995, pp. 149-167. (R)
· Michael Walzer, Spheres of Justice: A Defence of Pluralism
& Equality, Blackwell, 1983, pp. 312-316. (ER)
· Michael Walzer, “The Moral Standing of States: A
Response to Four Critics”, Philosophy & Public Affairs,
Vol. 9, No. 2. (Winter, 1980), pp. 160-181. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
David Miller, “The Ethical Significance
of Nationality”, Ethics, Vol. 98, No. 4. (Jul., 1988),
pp. 647-662. (Bb)
David Luban, “The Romance of the Nation-State”, Philosophy
& Public Affairs, Vol. 9, No. 4. (Summer, 1980), pp. 392-397.
(Bb)
Robert E. Goodin, “What is So Special about Our Fellow Countrymen?”,
Ethics, Vol. 98, No. 4. (July, 1988), pp. 663-686. (Bb)
WEEK 4
Tuesday, September 19
LIBERALISM
Required Reading:
· Henry J. Steiner and Philip Alston,
“Comment on Some Characteristics of the Liberal Political
Tradition”, in Henry J. Steiner and Philip Alston, eds., International
Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, Morals, 2nd ed., Oxford
University Press, 2000, pp. 361-365. (ER)
· Joseph Raz, “Liberalism, Skepticism, and Democracy,
74 Iowa Law Review (1989), pp. 761-62, 779-86. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom,
Anchor, 1999, pp. 54-86. (ER)
Michael Joseph Smith, “Liberalism and International Reform”,
in David R. Mapel and Terry Nardin, eds., Traditions of International
Ethics, Cambridge, 1992, pp. 201-224. (ER)
Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory & Practice,
2nd ed., Cornell University Press, 2003, pp. 155-172. (R)
Thursday, September 21
HUMAN RIGHTS
Required Reading:
· The United Nations Universal
Declaration of Human Rights (Bb)
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory &
Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University Press, 2003, pp. 7-53.
(R)
Recommended Reading:
The United Nations Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights (Bb)
The United Nations Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights (Bb)
Convention on Discrimination against Women (Bb)
Thomas M. Franck, “Are Human Rights Universal?”, Foreign
Affairs, Vol. 80, No. 1, January/February 2001, pp. 191-204.
(Bb)
Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom, Anchor, 1999, pp.
227-248. (ER)
David P. Forsythe, Human Rights in International Relations,
Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 3-27. (ER)
WEEK 5
Tuesday, September 26
HUMAN RIGHTS AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM
I
Required Reading:
· Adamantia Polis & Peter Schwab,
“Human Rights: A Western Construct with Limited Applicability”,
in Adamantia Polis & Peter Schwab, eds., Human Rights: Cultural
& Ideological Perspectives, Praeger, 1979, pp. 1-18. (ER)
· David M. Smolin, “Will International Human Rights
Be Used As A Tool of Cultural Genocide?”, Journal of Law
and Religion, Vol. 12, No. 1. (1995 - 1996), pp. 143-171. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
American Anthropological Association, “Statement
on Human Rights”, American Anthropologist, (1947),
Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 539-543. (Bb)
Fareed Zakaria, “Culture is Destiny: A Conversation with Lee
Kwan Yew”, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 2, (March/April
1994), pp. 109-126. (Bb)
Thursday, September 28
HUMAN RIGHTS AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM
II
Required Reading:
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human
Rights in Theory & Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 89-106. (R)
· Fernando R. Tesón, “International Human Rights
and Cultural Relativism”, in Richard Pierre Claude and Burns
H. Weston, eds., Human Rights in the World Community: Issues
and Action, University of Pennsylvania, 1989, pp. 42-52. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Kim Dae Jung, “Is Culture Destiny?
The Myth of Asia’s Anti-Democratic Values”, Foreign
Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 6, (November/December 1994), pp. 189-94.
(Bb)
Amartya Sen, Human Rights and Asian Values, Carnegie Council
on Ethics and International Affairs, 1997, pp. 7-31. (Bb)
Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory & Practice,
2nd ed., Cornell University Press, 2003, pp. 71-88, 107-123. (R)
WEEK 6
Tuesday, October 3
HUMAN RIGHTS AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM
III
Required Reading:
· Elizabeth Kiss, “Expert Witness
Report on Female Genital Mutilation”, (2003), pp. 1-5. (Bb)
· Yael Tamir, “Hands Off Clitoridectomy: What Our Revulsion
Reveals about Ourselves”, Boston Review, Vol. 21,
No. 3, Summer, 1996. (Bb)
· Robert George, “Vice Here and Abroad”, Boston
Review, Vol XXI, No. 5, November, 1996. (Bb)
· Soraya Mire, dir., Fire Eyes, Documentary Film (1994).
To be screened in class.
Recommended Reading:
Alison T. Slack, “Female Circumcision:
A Critical Appraisal”, Human Rights Quarterly, Vol.
10, No. 4, (Nov. 1988), pp. 437-486. (Bb)
Linda Burstyn, “Female Circumcision Comes to America”,
The Atlantic Monthly, Oct. 1995, 276, 4, pp. 28-35. (Bb)
Corrine Packer, “African Women, Traditions, and Human Rights:
A Critical Analysis of Contemporary “Universal” Discourse
and Approaches”, in David P. Forsythe and Patrice C. McMahon,
eds., Human Rights and Diversity, University of Nebraska,
2003, pp. 159-181. (ER)
Thursday, October 5
GROUP RIGHTS I
Required Reading:
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human
Rights in Theory & Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 204-221. (R)
· David D. Laitin and Rob Reich, “A Liberal Democratic
Approach to Language Justice”, in Will Kymlicka and Alan Patten,
eds., Language Rights and Political Theory, Oxford University
Press, 2003, pp. 80-104. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Chandran Kukathas, “Are There Any Cultural
Rights?”, Political Theory, Vol. 20, (1992), pp.
105-139. (Bb)
Leslie Green, “Internal Minorities and their Rights”,
in Will Kymlicka, ed., The Rights of Minority Cultures,
Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 257-272. (ER)
Allan Patten, “Liberal Neutrality and Language Policy”,
Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 31, No. 4, (Fall 2003),
pp. 356-386. (Bb)
Friday October 6
FIRST ESSAY DUE at 5.00 PM. To be
submitted via BlackBoard
FALL BREAK
WEEK 7
Thursday, October 12
GROUP RIGHTS II
Required Reading:
· Susan Moller Okin, “Is Multiculturalism
Bad for Women?”, Boston Review, Vol. 22, Nov. 1997,
pp. 25-28. (Bb)
· Will Kymlicka, “Liberal Complacencies”, Boston
Review, Vol. 22, Nov. 1997. (Bb)
· Yael Tamir, “Who [sic] Do You Trust?”, Boston
Review, Vol. 22, Nov. 1997. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Susan Moller Okin, “`Mistresses of
their Own Destiny’ Group Rights, Gender and Realistic Rights
of Exit”, Ethics, Vol. 112, Jan. 2002, pp. 205-230.
(Bb)
Susan Moller Okin, “Gender Inequality and Cultural Differences”,
Political Theory, Vol. 22, No. 1, (1994), pp. 5-24. (Bb)
WEEK 8
Tuesday, October 17
SELF-DETERMINATION AND SECESSION
Required Reading:
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human
Rights in Theory & Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 221-224. (R)
· Avisha Margalit and Joseph Raz, “National Self-Determination”,
in Will Kymlicka, ed., The Rights of Minority Cultures,
Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 79-92. (ER)
· Allen Buchanan, “The Morality of Secession”,
in Will Kymlicka, ed., The Rights of Minority Cultures,
Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 350-374. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Wayne Norman, “National Autonomy”,
in Hugh LaFollette, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Practical Ethics,
Oxford University Press, 2003, pp. 591-619. (ER)
Donald L. Horowitz, “A Right to Secede?”, in Stephen
Macedo and Allen Buchanan, eds., Secession and Self-Determination,
New York University Press, 2003, pp. 50-76. (ER)
Allen Buchanan, “Theories of Secession”, Philosophy
& Public Affairs, Vol. 26, No. 1, (Winter, 1997), pp. 31-61.
(Bb)
Christopher H. Wellman, “A Defence of Secession and Self-Determination’,
Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol. 24, No. 2, (Spring 1995),
pp. 142-171. (Bb)
Thursday, October 19
HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT
I
Required Reading:
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human
Rights in Theory & Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 185-194. (R)
· Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom, Anchor, 1999,
pp. 146-159, 178-188. (ER)
· Fareed Zakaria, The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy
at Home and Abroad, Norton, 2003, pp. 89-118, 150-159. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Benjamin R. Barber, “Jihad vs. McWorld”,
The Atlantic, (March, 1992), Vol.269, Issue 3, pp. 53-62.
(Bb)
Anthony J. Langlois, “Human Rights without Democracy? A Critique
of the Separationist Thesis”, Human Rights Quarterly,
Vol. 25, (2003), pp. 990-1019. (Bb)
Amartya Sen, “Democracy as a Universal Value”, Journal
of Democracy, Vol. 10, No.3, (1999) pp. 3-17. (Bb)
Jeremy Waldron, “Rights in Conflict”, Ethics,
Vol. 99, No. 3, (April 1989), pp. 503-519. (Bb)
WEEK 9
Tuesday, October 24
HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT
II
Required Reading:
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human
Rights in Theory & Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 194-203. (R)
· Anita Chan and Robert J. S. Ross, “Racing to the
Bottom: International Trade without a Social Clause”, Third
World Quarterly, Volume 24, Number 6, December 2003, pp. 1011-1028.
(Bb)
· Daniel W. Drezner, “Bottom Feeders”, Foreign
Policy, No. 121, (Nov.-Dec., 2000), pp. 64-70. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Jonathan Wolff, “Economic Competition”,
in Geraint Parry, Asif Qureshi and Hillel Steiner, The Legal and
Moral Aspects of International Trade: Freedom and Trade, Routledge,
1998, pp. 82-96. (ER)
“The Case for Globalization”, The Economist, September
23, 2000, pp. 19-20 and 85-87. (Bb)
James A. Dorn, “Trade and Human Rights: The Case of China”,
The Cato Journal, Volume 16, Number 1, Spring/Summer 1996,
pp. 77-98. (Bb)
Dani Rodrik, “Trading in Illusions”, Foreign Policy,
No. 123, (Mar.-Apr., 2001), pp. 54-62. (Bb)
Jagdish Bhagwati, In Defense of Globalization, Oxford University
Press, 2004, pp. 51-91, 122-134. (ER)
Thursday, October 26
THE NEEDS OF STRANGERS: FOREIGN AID
Required Reading:
· Peter Singer, “Famine, Affluence,
and Morality”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol.
1, No. 3, Spring, (1972), pp. 229-243. (Bb)
· John Arthur, “Famine Relief and the Ideal Moral Code”,
in H. LaFollette, ed., Ethics in Practice, 2nd ed., Blackwell,
2002, 582-90. (ER)
· Andrew Kuper, “More than Charity, Cosmopolitan Alternatives
to the ‘Singer Solution’”, Ethics & International
Affairs, Vol. 16, No. 2, (2002), pp. 107-120. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
United Nations Development Programme, Human
Development Report 2005, United Nations Development Programme,
New York, 2005. (Bb)
Garrett Hardin, “Lifeboat Ethics: the Case Against Helping
the Poor”, in Stephen Satris, ed., Taking Sides: Clashing
Views on Controversial Moral Issues, 4th ed., Duskin, Guilford,
1994, pp. 350-357. (ER)
Brian R. Opeskin, “The Moral Foundations of Foreign Aid”,
World Development, Vol. 24, No. 1, (1996), pp. 21-44. (Bb)
David Miller, “National Responsibility and International Justice”,
in Deen K. Chaterjee, ed., The Ethics of Assistance: Morality
and the Distant Needy, Cambridge, 2004, pp. 123-143. (ER)
WEEK 10
Tuesday, October 31
THE NEEDS OF STRANGERS: REFUGEES
Required Reading:
· Joseph H. Carens, “Migration
and Morality: A Liberal Egalitarian Perspective”, in Brian
Barry and Robert E. Goodin, eds., Free Movement: Ethical Issues
in the Transnational Migration of People and Money, Pennsylvania
State University Press, 1992, pp. 25-47. (ER)
· Myron Weiner, “Ethics, National Sovereignty and the
Control of Immigration”, International Migration Review,
Vol. 30, No. 1, (Spring, 1996), pp. 171-197. (Bb)
· Sheryl McCarthy, “Fleeing Mutilation, Fighting For
Asylum”, Ms., Vol. 7, Issue 1, (July/August, 1996), pp. 12-16.
(Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Refugees By Numbers 2005, UNHCR
Public Information Service, Geneva, 2005. (Bb)
Mark R. Amstutz, International Ethics: Concepts, Theories and
Cases in Global Politics, Rowan & Littlefield, 1999, pp.
186-196. (ER)
Joseph H. Carens “Realistic and Idealistic Approaches to the
Ethics of Migration”, International Migration Review,
Vol. 30, No. 1, (Spring, 1996), pp. 156-170. (Bb)
David C. Hendrickson, “Migration in Law and Ethics: A Realist
Perspective”, in Brian Barry and Robert E. Goodin, eds., Free
Movement: Ethical Issues in the Transnational Migration of People
and Money, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1992, pp. 213-231.
(ER)
Thursday, November 2
THE NEEDS OF STRANGERS: FUTURE GENERATIONS
Required Reading:
· Robert Heilbronner, “What
has Posterity Ever Done For Me?”, in Louis P. Pojman, ed.,
Environmental Ethics, Jones & Bartlett, 1994, pp. 217-219.
(Bb)
· Garrett Hardin, “Who Cares for Posterity?”,
in Louis P. Pojman, ed., Environmental Ethics, Jones &
Bartlett, 1994, pp. 219-224. (Bb)
· Martin Golding, “Obligations to Future Generations”,
in Louis P. Pojman, ed., Environmental Ethics, Jones &
Bartlett, 1994, pp. 225-230. (Bb)
· Gregory Kavka, “The Futurity Problem”, in Louis
P. Pojman, ed., Environmental Ethics, Jones & Bartlett,
1994, pp. 230-238. (Bb)
· Holmes Rolston III, “Feeding People vs. Saving Nature”,
in Andrew Light & Holmes Rolston III, eds., Environmental
Ethics, Blackwell, 2003, pp. 451-462.
Recommended Reading:
Robin Attfield: The Ethics of the Global
Environment, Polity, 2003, 1999, pp. 96-125. (ER)
Bruce R. Reichenbach, “On Obligations to Future Generations”,
Public Affairs Quarterly, Vol. 6, (1992), pp. 207-225.
(Bb)
Joseph DesJardins, ed., Environmental Ethics: An Introduction
to Environmental Philosophy, 4th ed., Thomson, 2006. (ER)
Ramachandra Guha, “Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness
Preservation: A Third World Critique”, Environmental Ethics,
Vol. 11, (Spring 1989), pp. 71-83. (Bb)
WEEK 11
Tuesday, November 7
THE NEEDS OF STRANGERS: GENOCIDE,
ENSLAVEMENT AND PERSECUTION
Required Reading:
· Jack Donnelly, Universal Human
Rights in Theory & Practice, 2nd ed., Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 194-203. (R)
· Fernando R. Tesón, “The Liberal Case for Humanitarian
Intervention”, in J. L. Holzgrefe & Robert O. Keohane,
eds.,, Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal, and Political
Dilemmas, Cambridge, 2003, pp. 93-123, 128-129. (ER)
· Alan J. Kuperman, “Suicidal Rebellions and the Moral
Hazard of Humanitarian Intervention”, Ethnopolitics,
Vol. 4, No. 2, (June 2005), pp. 149-173. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment
of the Crime of Genocide (Bb)
Michael Walzer, “The Politics of Rescue”, Dissent,
(Winter, 1995), pp. 35-41. (Bb)
Roland Paris, “Peacebuilding and the Limits of Liberal Internationalism,”
International Security Vol. 22, No. 2, (Fall 1997), pp. 54-89.
(Bb)
Richard W. Miller, “Respectable Oppressors, Hypocritical Liberators:
Morality, Intervention and Reality”, in Deen K. Chatterjee
and Don. E. Scheid, eds., Ethics and Foreign Intervention,
Cambridge, 2003, pp. 215-250. (ER)
Thursday, November 9
WAR, AGGRESSION, AND SELF-DEFENSE
Required Reading:
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust
Wars, 3rd. ed., pp. 51-73, 176-186, 207-222. (R)
Recommended Reading:
Yoram Dinstein, War, Aggression and Self-Defence,
3rd. ed., Cambridge, pp. 157-221. (ER)
David Luban, “Just War and Human Rights,” Philosophy
& Public Affairs, Vol. 9, No. 2. (Winter, 1980), pp. 160-181.
(Bb)
Janna Thompson, “Terrorism, Morality and Right Authority”,
in Georg Meggle, ed., Ethics or Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism,
Ontos, 2005, pp. 151-160. (ER)
Judith Lichtenberg, “The Ethics of Retaliation”, in
Verna V. Gehring, ed., War After September 11, Rowman &
Littlefield, 2003, pp. 11-19. (ER)
WEEK 12
Tuesday, November 14
PREVENTIVE WAR
Required Reading:
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust
Wars, 3rd. ed., pp. 74-85. (R)
· National Security Strategy of the United States,
September 2002, pp. 1-16. (Bb)
· Allen Buchanan and Robert O. Keohane, “The Preventive
Use of Force: A Cosmopolitan Institutional Perspective”, Ethics
and International Affairs, Vol. 18, No. 1, (April, 2004), pp.
1-23. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Richard C. Anderson, “The Moral Consequences
of Preemptive Strikes and Preventive War”, in Timothy Shanahan,
ed., Philosophy 9/11: Thinking about the War on Terrorism,
Open Court, 2005, pp. 173-182. (ER)
Thursday, November 16
NON-COMBATANT IMMUNITY
Required Reading:
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust
Wars, 3rd. ed., pp. 127-159, 186-196, 251-268. (R)
Recommended Reading:
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection
of Civilian Persons in Time of War (Bb)
Mark R. Amstutz, International Ethics: Concepts, Theories and
Cases in Global Politics, Rowan & Littlefield, 1999, pp.
93-117.
Thomas Nagel, “War and Massacre”, Philosophy &
Public Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2, (Winter, 1972), pp. 123-144.
(Bb)
R. B. Brandt, “Utilitarianism and the Rules of War,”
Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2, (Winter,
1972), pp. 145-165. (Bb)
Joseph M. Boyle, Jr., “Toward Understanding the Principle
of Double Effect”, Ethics, Vol. 90, No. 4, (July,
1980), pp. 527-538. (Bb)
Warren S. Quinn, “Actions, Intentions, and Consequences: The
Doctrine of Double Effect”, Philosophy & Public Affairs,
Vol. 18, No. 4. (Autumn, 1989), pp. 334-351. (Bb)
WEEK 13
Tuesday, November 21
SEIGES, BLOCKADES AND ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
Required Reading:
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust
Wars, 3rd. ed., pp. 160-175. (R)
· Mark R. Amstutz, International Ethics: Concepts, Theories
and Cases in Global Politics, Rowan & Littlefield, 1999,
pp. 145-165. (ER)
· Joy Gordon, “A Peaceful, Silent, Deadly Remedy: The
Ethics of Economic Sanctions”, Ethics & International
Affairs, Vol. 13, 1999, pp. 123-148. (Bb)
· George A. Lopez, “More Ethical than Not: Sanctions
as Surgical Tools”, Ethics & International Affairs,
Vol. 13, 1999, pp. 143-148. (Bb)
· Joy Gordon, “Reply to George A. Lopez’s ‘More
Ethical than Not’”, Ethics & International Affairs,
Vol. 13, 1999, pp. 149-150. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Adam Winkler, “Just Sanctions”,
Human Rights Quarterly Vol. 21, No. 1 (1999) pp. 133-155.
(Bb)
Robert A. Pape, “Why Economic Sanctions Do Not Work”,
International Security, Vol. 22, Fall, (1997), pp. 90-110.
(Bb)
THANKSGIVING BREAK
WEEK 14
Tuesday, November 28
TERRORISM
Required Reading:
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust
Wars, 3rd. ed., pp. 197-206. (R)
· Virginia Held, “Terrorism, Rights, and Political
Goals,” in Igor Primoratz, ed., Terrorism: The Philosophical
Issues, Palgrave, 2004, pp. 65-79. (ER)
· Andrew Valls, “Can Terrorism be Justified?”,
in Andrew Valls, ed., Ethics in International Affairs,
Rowman & Littlefield, 2000, pp. 65-79. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
Michael Walzer, “Terrorism: A Critique
of Excuses”, in Steven Luper-Foy, ed., Problems of International
Justice, Westview, 1988, pp. 237-247. (ER)
Aleksander Parkovic, “Terrorism as an Instrument of Liberation:
A Liberation Ideology Perspective”, in Georg Meggle, ed.,
Ethics or Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism, Ontos, 2005,
pp. 245-260. (ER)
Neve Gordon and George A. Lopez, “Terrorism in the Arab-Israeli
Conflict”, in Andrew Valls, ed., Ethics in International
Affairs, Rowman & Littlefield, 2000, pp. 99-113. (ER)
Tomis Kapitan, “Terrorism in the Arab-Israeli Conflict”,
in Igor Primoratz, ed., Terrorism: The Philosophical Issues,
Palgrave, 2004, pp. 175-191. (ER)
Thursday, November 30
COUNTER-TERRORISM I
Required Reading:
· Gillo Pontecorvo, dir., The
Battle of Algiers, (1965), 125 min. Film to be shown in class.
· Bruce Hoffman, “A Nasty Business”, The
Atlantic Monthly, (Jan. 2002), Vol. 289, Issue 1, pp. 49-53.
(Bb)
· Michael T. Kaufman, “What Does the Pentagon See in
'Battle of Algiers'?”, The New York Times, September
7, 2003 Week in Review, Section 4; Column 1; pg. 3. (Bb)
Recommended Reading:
Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace:
Algeria 1954-1962, Viking, 1978.
Benjamin Stora, Algeria, 1830-2000, A Short History, rev.
ed., Cornell University Press, 2001.
WEEK 15
Tuesday, December 5
COUNTER-TERRORISM II
Required Reading:
· Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust
Wars, 3rd. ed., pp. 207-222, 251-268. (R)
· Convention Against Torture (Bb)
· William D. Casebeer, “Torture Interrogation of Terrorists:
A Theory of Exceptions”, in Timothy Shanahan, ed., Philosophy
9/11: Thinking about the War on Terrorism, Open Court, 2005,
pp. 261-272. (ER)
· Haig Khatchadourian, “Counter-Terrorism: Torture
and Assassination”, in Georg Meggle, ed., Ethics or Terrorism
and Counter-Terrorism, Ontos, 2005, pp. 177-196. (ER)
Recommended Reading:
David Luban, “The War on Terrorism
and the End of Human Rights”, in Verna V. Gehring, ed., War
After September 11, Rowman & Littlefield, 2003, pp. 51-62.
(ER)
Igor Primoratz, “State Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism”,
in Igor Primoratz, ed., Terrorism: The Philosphical Issues,
Palgrave, 2004, pp. 65-79. (ER)
Neta C. Crawford, “Just War Theory and U.S. Counter-terror
War”, Perspectives on Politics, Vol. 1, No. 1, (2003),
pp. 5-25. (Bb)
Thursday, December 7
CONCLUSION AND REVIEW
WEEK 16
Monday, December 11
SECOND ESSAY DUE at 5.00 PM. To be
submitted via BlackBoard
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